Publish A Research Paper

Peer review quality and selectivity standards vary greatly from journal to journal, publisher to publisher, and field to field.

Peer review quality and selectivity standards vary greatly from journal to journal, publisher to publisher, and field to field.

Such a paper, also called an article, will only be considered valid if it undergoes a process of peer review by one or more referees (who are academics in the same field) who check that the content of the paper is suitable for publication in the journal.

A paper may undergo a series of reviews, revisions, and re-submissions before finally being accepted or rejected for publication. Next, there is often a delay of many months (or in some fields, over a year) before an accepted manuscript appears.

In open access publishing, a journal article is made available free for all on the web by the publisher at the time of publication.

Both open and closed journals are sometimes funded by the author paying an Article processing charge, thereby shifting some fees from the reader to the researcher or their funder.

The Journal des sçavans (later spelled Journal des savants), established by Denis de Sallo, was the earliest academic journal published in Europe.

Its content included obituaries of famous men, church history, and legal reports.There is also a tendency for existing journals to divide into specialized sections as the field itself becomes more specialized.Along with the variation in review and publication procedures, the kinds of publications that are accepted as contributions to knowledge or research differ greatly among fields and subfields.Early scientific journals embraced several models: some were run by a single individual who exerted editorial control over the contents, often simply publishing extracts from colleagues' letters, while others employed a group decision making process, more closely aligned to modern peer review.It wasn't until the middle of the 20th century that peer review became the standard.Investment analysts, however, have been skeptical of the value added by for-profit publishers, as exemplified by a 2005 Deutsche Bank analysis which stated that "we believe the publisher adds relatively little value to the publishing process...We are simply observing that if the process really were as complex, costly and value-added as the publishers protest that it is, 40% margins wouldn't be available." The university budget cuts have reduced library budgets and reduced subsidies to university-affiliated publishers.Academic publishing is the subfield of publishing which distributes academic research and scholarship.Most academic work is published in academic journal article, book or thesis form.Academic publishing is undergoing major changes, as it makes the transition from the print to the electronic format.Business models are different in the electronic environment.